The Origins of Cyberspace collection described as lots 1-255 will first be offered as a single lot, subject to a reserve price. If this price is not reached, the collection will be immediately offered as individual lots as described in the catalogue as lots 1-255.
TORRES Y QUEVEDO, Leonardo (1852-1936). Sur les rapports entre le calcul mécanique et le calcul graphique. Offprint from Bulletin de la Sociétéé mathématique de France 29 (1901).

Details
TORRES Y QUEVEDO, Leonardo (1852-1936). Sur les rapports entre le calcul mécanique et le calcul graphique. Offprint from Bulletin de la Sociétéé mathématique de France 29 (1901).

4o. 12 pages. Text diagrams. Original printed wrappers.

In the early twentieth century, as the first mass production lines were being set up in factories, the Spanish inventor Leonardo Torres y Quevedo was demonstrating a theory of automata that looked beyond assembly lines to the industrial use of programmed machines. To prove that machines could do jobs that seemed to require mental ability, he combined electromechanical calculating techniques with his principles of automata, and showed how a machine could be assembled to perform any desired sequence of arithmetic operations.. Among Torres y Quevedo's first inventions were several analog algebraic equation solvers, built between 1893 and 1920, which were composed of both mechanical and electromechanical elements and could solve algebraic equations of any degree. In 1902 he patented a radio-control system ("Telekino"), and in 1911 he invented the first decision-making automaton -- a chess-playing machine that pitted the machine's rook and king against the king of a human opponent. OOC 385.

[With:] [TORRES Y QUEVEDO]. VIGNERON, H. " Les automates. " In La nature: Revue des sciences et de leurs applications aux arts et à l'Industrie, no. 2142 (June 13, 1914): 56-61. Black cloth. Includes a detailed account of Torres y Quevedo's chess automaton illustrated with front and back views of the device. The machine pitted its rook and king agains the king of a human opponent. It was fully automatic with electrical sensing of the pieces on the board and a mechanical arm to move its pieces. OOC 386. -- [TORRES Y QUEVEDO]. VIGNERON, H. " L'arithmomètre de M. Torrès y Quevedo. " In La nature: Revue des sciences et de leurs applications aux arts et à l'Industrie, no. 2418 (August 7, 1920): 89-93. Black cloth, original blue printed wrappers bound in. A description of Torres y Quevedo's typewriter-controlled arithmometer exhibited in 1920. OOC 387. -- TORRES Y QUEVEDO, Gonzalo. Les travaux de l'école espagnole sur l'automatisme. Offprint from Les machines à calculer et la pensée humaine (Paris: Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1953). Original tan printed wrappers. OOC 931. -- TORRES Y QUEVEDO. Présentation des appareils de Leonardo Torres-Quevedo. Offprint from Les machines à calculer et la pensée humaine, by the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (1953). Original tan printed wrappers. OOC 932.
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