Details
Paul Klee (1879-1940)
Mannequin
signed 'Klee' (lower left); dated, numbered and titled '1940 M 15 Mannequin' (on the artist's mount)
colored paste on paper laid down on card
Sheet size: 19 x 10 3/8 in. (48 x 26.3 cm.)
Mount size: 25 1/8 x 16 7/8 in. (63.7 x 42.6 cm.)
Painted in March 1940
Provenance
Lily Klee, Bern (wife of the artist).
Klee-Gesellschaft, Bern (acquired from the above, 1946).
Felix Klee, Bern (acquired from the above, 1953).
Galerie Beyeler, Basel (acquired from the above, 1965).
Acquired from the above by the family of the present owner, September 1971.
Literature
W. Kersten and O. Okuda, "Die inszenierte Einheit zerstückelter Bilder: Paul Klees Gebrauch der Schere im Jahr 1940," Paul Klee: Das Schaffen im Todesjahr, exh. cat., Kunstmuseum Bern, 1990, pp. 101 and 104-105 (illustrated).
The Paul Klee Foundation, ed., Paul Klee: Verzeichnis der Werke des Jahres 1940, Stuttgart, 1991, p. 22 (illustrated, p. 161).
The Paul Klee Foundation, ed., Paul Klee: Catalogue Raisonné, 1940, Bonn, 2004, vol. 9, p. 170, no. 9274 (illustrated).
Exhibited
Munich, Haus der Kunst, Paul Klee, April-May 1954, no. 221.
Kunstmuseum St. Gallen, Klee: Werke aus dem Familienbesitz, January-March 1955, no. 363.
Berlin, Akademie der Künste, Paul Klee: Werke aus der Nachlass-Sammlung Felix Klee, December 1960-January 1961, p. 60, no. 193.
Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, Paul Klee: Aquarellen, September-November 1963, no. 113.
Basel, Galerie Beyeler, Paul Klee: Spätwerke, June-September 1965, no. 34 (illustrated in color).
Essen, Museum Folkwang, Paul Klee: Aquarelle und Zeichnungen, August-October 1969, p. 138, no. 166.
Kunstmuseum Bern, Paul Klee: Das Schaffen im Todesjahr, August-November 1990, p. 296, no. 244 (illustrated, p. 221).
Dusseldorf, Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen and Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Paul Klee: Im Zeichen der Teilung, January-July 1995, pp. 220-221 and 382, no. 209 (illustrated in color, p. 319 and illustrated again, p. 366).
Basel, Fondation Beyeler and Hannover, Sprengel Museum, Paul Klee, Tod und Feuer: Die Erfüllung im Spätwerk, August 2003-February 2004, p. 138, no. 104 (illustrated).
Kyoto, The National Museum of Modern Art and Tokyo, The National Museum of Modern Art, Paul Klee: Art in the Making, March-July 2011, p. 281, no. 132 (illustrated).
Kunstmuseum Bern and Berlin, Martin-Groupius-Bau, Itten, Klee: Kosmos Farbe, November 2012-July 2013, p. 370, no. 190 (illustrated, p. 347).

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Allegra Bettini
Allegra Bettini

Lot Essay

Mannequin is a bold, figurative depiction from the artist’s rich and productive late period. Executed in "Kleisterfarben," a mixture of colored pigment and glue that the artist favored throughout his last years, the present work composed of several bold strokes enclosing colored shapes, with the placement of two black dots and a short line in the upper semi-circular element which create the face of a mannequin. Klee had once, in 1920, described the creative process of drawing as "a certain fire, coming to life, [it] leaps up, runs through the hand, courses onto the paper, and flies back as a spark where it came from, thus completing the circle; back to the eye and on again" (quoted in C. Hopfengart and M. Baumgartner, Paul Klee, Life and Work, Bern, 2012, p. 314).
With its angular network of lines and burning ochre tones that fuse into pink-red shading within certain key elements, Klee skillfully uses color to conjure a sense of fleshy forms. These curves are joyously balanced in Mannequin, articulating his ability to bring to life his subject through the perfectly economical use of line he adopts in his later works.
The elemental and cyclical sense of creation also runs as a central theme throughout Klee’s late works. Mannequin depicts an imitation of the core elements of life, the human form, as a visual experience that has been built from a secret pictorial language of shapes. The title of the work extends this idea of imitation further, with the notion of the mannequin as object, mimicking the human form and withdrawing all life—nature—from it. When describing the sentiment of the artist Klee stated: "He [the artist] does not attach such intense importance to natural form as do so many realist critics, because, for him, these final forms are not the real stuff of the process of natural creation. For he places more value on the powers which do the forming than on the final forms themselves. [He says of the world] In its present shape it is not the only possible world … The deeper he looks … the more deeply he is impressed by the one essential image of creation itself, as Genesis, rather than by the image of nature, the finished product” (quoted in F. Spartshott, The Theory of the Arts, New Jersey, 1982, p. 81). Indeed, viewed within the context of this statement, Mannequin at once realizes it convincingly.

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