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细节
LITERARY SAMMELBAND, including Minne tales, Klopfan verses, toasts, hunting texts, the language of flowers, obscene poems and fables, in German, MANUSCRIPT ON PAPER
[West Swabia and Bavaria, mid- to late 15th century]
205 x 145mm. 86 leaves: 114, 2-312, 4-58, 6-710, 812, COMPLETE, modern pencil foliation excluding first blank leaf followed here, written in several cursive German hands; the manuscript is written in distinct sections ff.1-9v, followed by blank leaves 10-13; 14-19, followed by blank leaves 20-25; 26-37v; 38-73; 74-end. The first two sections appear to be the work of the same two scribes and initials and line-breaks are touched red (wormholes in upper inner corner of first eight leaves, affecting legibility of inner two words of upper line of first 3 folios, occasional spotting and inconsequential stains, very slight cropping of a few letters on first four leaves, f.73 missing section of lower margin and tear into text). CONTEMPORARY BINDING OF GREEN-TAWED SKIN over wooden boards, metal clasp, paper archive label (defective, faded, losses to leather, spine and catch missing).
PROVENANCE;
1. Wilhelm Werner, Graf von Zimmern (1485-1575), historian and jurist: a note on the front pastedown by Christoph Mellinger, dated 6 November 1553, records his receipt of the book as a gift from Zimmern, 'a lord most attentive to me', describing it as 'this ancient little book written many years ago by the hand of his father or grandfather'. Zimmern was a judge in the Reichskammergericht in Speyer, and author of a chronicle of the archbishopric of Mainz and its suffragan bishoprics as well as of a number of genealogies of noble Swabian families. Mellinger's intriguing attribution of the hands of the earlier gatherings in the present manuscript to Wilhelm Werner's father or grandfather, Johann Werner von Zimmern the elder (1454-1495) and Werner von Zimmern the younger (1423-1483), is presumably based on information supplied by Wilhelm Werner, and is plausible on chronological grounds, though it seems more likely that one or both simply had a hand in the assembling of the materials. Certainly Wilhelm Werner seems to have devoted close attention to the volume: Jacob Klingner attributes to him the frequent emendations and annotations to the Minne poems, which witness a marked connoisseurship in the genre, supplying missing lines and making other textual corrections, and on three occasions noting next to a title 'Das hab ich'. The presentation of the volume (perhaps to mark Wilhelm Werner's retirement from the Riechskammergericht, which took place a few months later), as well as Mellinger's formal and eloquent inscription acknowledging it, indicate the high value Wilhelm Werner placed upon this visually unassuming compilation of vernacular literature.
The Zimmern family is particularly notable for the survival of the Zimmern Chronicle (composed c.1559-1566), an important source for the culture and values of the nobility of south-west Germany which was for a time attributed to Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern himself, though the author is now considered to be his nephew, Froben Christoph (1519-1566). Given the speculation as to Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern's influence on the composition of the Chronicle, it is of particular interest to find a compilation of comparable popular literary material in his hands in the years immediately preceding its composition.
2. The jurist Dr Christoph Mellinger (d.1577) would have encountered Werner during the years 1548-1555 when he represented Austrian interests at the Reichskammergericht; he later represented Emperor Ferdinand I in a number of legal questions as a special commissioner, before returning to his native Tyrol where between 1567 and 1570 he was a member of the privy council of the ruling Archduke Ferdinand II.
3. On his death Mellinger left his papers, including the present manuscript, to the Brandis family, prominent members of the Tyrolean nobility in whose library it has remained until the present day.
CONTENTS:
The manuscript comprises four discrete units, distinct as much in subject-matter as in date and scribe: the first (ff.1-25, West Swabian, c.1445), comprises hunting lore and texts on the interpretation of flowers; the second (ff.26-37, Bavaria, c.1485), is suggestive of university culture, with toasts, Klopfan verses, and four brief poems or tales, two of them obscene; the third and most substantial (ff.38-73, West Swabia, c.1495) comprises exclusively Minne tales; the last (ff.78-84, West Swabia, c.1515), a further Minnerede and the fable 'Der schlafende Hund' [localisations and dates as in J. Klingner,'Gattungsinteresse und Familientradition. Zu einer wieder aufgefundenen Sammelhandschrift der Grafen von Zimmern (Lana XXIII D 33)', Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur, 137 (2008), pp.204-228]
ff.1-4v 'Lehre von den Zeichen des Hirsches'; ff.5-9v 'Lehre vom Arbeiten der Leithunde'; ff.14-18v 'Was allerlei Blätter bedeuten'; f.18v 'Wankelmut und Blumenfarben'; ff.18v-19 'Vergißmeinnicht und Augentrost'.
ff.26-33 fifteen Weingrüße [wine toasts] and two Biergrüße: ff.33v-35 seven Klopfan rhymes; f.35v two obscene poems, 'Von einer schönen Frau' [Der Pfeiffer] and on a cleric; ff.36-37v Peter Schmieher, 'Der Student von Prag'; f.37v a 'Priamel' (moral story).
Minne tales: f.38r+v 'Das Scheiden'; ff.38v-39 'Abschiedsgruß'; ff.39-42v 'Das Meiden'; ff.42v-46 'Streitgrespräch zweier Frauen über die Minne'; ff.46-52v 'Die Beständige und die Wankelmütige'; ff.52v-57 'Der Knappe und die Frau'; ff.57v-59v 'Der schwere Traum'; ff.59v-64v 'Die Beichte einer Frau'; ff.64v-69 Hermann von Sachsenheim, 'Die Grasmetze'; ff.69v-73 'Traumerscheinung einer schönen Frau'.
ff.74-80 Minne tale: 'Die sechs Kronen'; ff.80v-84v a fable, 'Der schlafende Hund'.
Minnereden are texts in rhymed couplets, comprising narratives on the theme of courtly love: those in the present manuscript are in general among the most popular texts, with the exception of the 'Traumerscheinung einer schöner Frau', which is present only here. Klopfan verses, by contrast, were traditionally recited from door to door on the nights of the last three Sundays in Advent (apparently in commemoration of the Holy Family's search for shelter in Bethlehem): only approximately 40 survive from the Middle Ages; three of the seven in the present manuscript are otherwise unknown. The juxtaposition of the earthy Klopfansprüche, drinking rhymes and obscene tales in the second gathering with the aristocratic traditions of the Minne and the texts on hunting and flowers in the other three gatherings is a particularly striking feature of the present manuscript.
The manuscript was originally described by Anton Dörrer as a Tirolian 'Lesebuch' or primer: 'Ein tirolisches Lesebuch aus dem 15. und 16. Jahrhundert (Brandiser Codex 1553)', Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 57, pp.369-373. It was included on the basis of Dörrer's description in subsequent censuses, in particular of Minnereden, but the manuscript itself was considered lost, and even thought to have been destroyed during the war, until its rediscovery was announced by Klingner in 2008.
LITERATURE:
Anton Dörrer. 'Ein tirolisches Lesebuch aus dem 15. und 16. Jahrhundert (Brandiser Codex 1553)', Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 57, pp.369-373
Arend Mihm. 'Überlieferung und Verbreitung der Märendichtung im Spätmittelalter', Germanische Bibliothek, 3rd series (Heidelberg, 1967), p.131
Tilo Brandis. Mittelhochdeutsche, mittelniederdeutsche und mittelniederländische Minnereden. Verzeichnis der Handschriften und Drucke (Münchener Texte und Untersuchungen zur deutschen Literatur des Mitt elalters 25, Munich, 1968, p.244)
Ingeborg Glier. 'Artes amandi. Untersuchungen zu Geschichte, Überliererung und Typologie der deutschen Minnereden', MTU 34 (Munich 1971), p.376
Hanns Fischer. Studien zur deutschen Märendichtung, 2nd edn, (Tübingen, 1983), p.289
Wolfgang Achnitz. 'Minnereden' in 'Forschungsberichte zur
Internationalen Germanistik. Germanistische Mediävistik', ed.Hans-Jochen Schiewer with Jochen Conzelmann, Jahrbuch für Internationale Germanistik, series C6 (Bern, 2003), pp.224f
Jacob Klingner. 'Gattungsinteresse und Familientradition. Zu einer wieder aufgefundenen Sammelhandschrift der Grafen von Zimmern (Lana XXIII D 33)', Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur, 137 (2008), pp.204-228.
[West Swabia and Bavaria, mid- to late 15th century]
205 x 145mm. 86 leaves: 114, 2-312, 4-58, 6-710, 812, COMPLETE, modern pencil foliation excluding first blank leaf followed here, written in several cursive German hands; the manuscript is written in distinct sections ff.1-9v, followed by blank leaves 10-13; 14-19, followed by blank leaves 20-25; 26-37v; 38-73; 74-end. The first two sections appear to be the work of the same two scribes and initials and line-breaks are touched red (wormholes in upper inner corner of first eight leaves, affecting legibility of inner two words of upper line of first 3 folios, occasional spotting and inconsequential stains, very slight cropping of a few letters on first four leaves, f.73 missing section of lower margin and tear into text). CONTEMPORARY BINDING OF GREEN-TAWED SKIN over wooden boards, metal clasp, paper archive label (defective, faded, losses to leather, spine and catch missing).
PROVENANCE;
1. Wilhelm Werner, Graf von Zimmern (1485-1575), historian and jurist: a note on the front pastedown by Christoph Mellinger, dated 6 November 1553, records his receipt of the book as a gift from Zimmern, 'a lord most attentive to me', describing it as 'this ancient little book written many years ago by the hand of his father or grandfather'. Zimmern was a judge in the Reichskammergericht in Speyer, and author of a chronicle of the archbishopric of Mainz and its suffragan bishoprics as well as of a number of genealogies of noble Swabian families. Mellinger's intriguing attribution of the hands of the earlier gatherings in the present manuscript to Wilhelm Werner's father or grandfather, Johann Werner von Zimmern the elder (1454-1495) and Werner von Zimmern the younger (1423-1483), is presumably based on information supplied by Wilhelm Werner, and is plausible on chronological grounds, though it seems more likely that one or both simply had a hand in the assembling of the materials. Certainly Wilhelm Werner seems to have devoted close attention to the volume: Jacob Klingner attributes to him the frequent emendations and annotations to the Minne poems, which witness a marked connoisseurship in the genre, supplying missing lines and making other textual corrections, and on three occasions noting next to a title 'Das hab ich'. The presentation of the volume (perhaps to mark Wilhelm Werner's retirement from the Riechskammergericht, which took place a few months later), as well as Mellinger's formal and eloquent inscription acknowledging it, indicate the high value Wilhelm Werner placed upon this visually unassuming compilation of vernacular literature.
The Zimmern family is particularly notable for the survival of the Zimmern Chronicle (composed c.1559-1566), an important source for the culture and values of the nobility of south-west Germany which was for a time attributed to Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern himself, though the author is now considered to be his nephew, Froben Christoph (1519-1566). Given the speculation as to Wilhelm Werner von Zimmern's influence on the composition of the Chronicle, it is of particular interest to find a compilation of comparable popular literary material in his hands in the years immediately preceding its composition.
2. The jurist Dr Christoph Mellinger (d.1577) would have encountered Werner during the years 1548-1555 when he represented Austrian interests at the Reichskammergericht; he later represented Emperor Ferdinand I in a number of legal questions as a special commissioner, before returning to his native Tyrol where between 1567 and 1570 he was a member of the privy council of the ruling Archduke Ferdinand II.
3. On his death Mellinger left his papers, including the present manuscript, to the Brandis family, prominent members of the Tyrolean nobility in whose library it has remained until the present day.
CONTENTS:
The manuscript comprises four discrete units, distinct as much in subject-matter as in date and scribe: the first (ff.1-25, West Swabian, c.1445), comprises hunting lore and texts on the interpretation of flowers; the second (ff.26-37, Bavaria, c.1485), is suggestive of university culture, with toasts, Klopfan verses, and four brief poems or tales, two of them obscene; the third and most substantial (ff.38-73, West Swabia, c.1495) comprises exclusively Minne tales; the last (ff.78-84, West Swabia, c.1515), a further Minnerede and the fable 'Der schlafende Hund' [localisations and dates as in J. Klingner,'Gattungsinteresse und Familientradition. Zu einer wieder aufgefundenen Sammelhandschrift der Grafen von Zimmern (Lana XXIII D 33)', Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur, 137 (2008), pp.204-228]
ff.1-4v 'Lehre von den Zeichen des Hirsches'; ff.5-9v 'Lehre vom Arbeiten der Leithunde'; ff.14-18v 'Was allerlei Blätter bedeuten'; f.18v 'Wankelmut und Blumenfarben'; ff.18v-19 'Vergißmeinnicht und Augentrost'.
ff.26-33 fifteen Weingrüße [wine toasts] and two Biergrüße: ff.33v-35 seven Klopfan rhymes; f.35v two obscene poems, 'Von einer schönen Frau' [Der Pfeiffer] and on a cleric; ff.36-37v Peter Schmieher, 'Der Student von Prag'; f.37v a 'Priamel' (moral story).
Minne tales: f.38r+v 'Das Scheiden'; ff.38v-39 'Abschiedsgruß'; ff.39-42v 'Das Meiden'; ff.42v-46 'Streitgrespräch zweier Frauen über die Minne'; ff.46-52v 'Die Beständige und die Wankelmütige'; ff.52v-57 'Der Knappe und die Frau'; ff.57v-59v 'Der schwere Traum'; ff.59v-64v 'Die Beichte einer Frau'; ff.64v-69 Hermann von Sachsenheim, 'Die Grasmetze'; ff.69v-73 'Traumerscheinung einer schönen Frau'.
ff.74-80 Minne tale: 'Die sechs Kronen'; ff.80v-84v a fable, 'Der schlafende Hund'.
Minnereden are texts in rhymed couplets, comprising narratives on the theme of courtly love: those in the present manuscript are in general among the most popular texts, with the exception of the 'Traumerscheinung einer schöner Frau', which is present only here. Klopfan verses, by contrast, were traditionally recited from door to door on the nights of the last three Sundays in Advent (apparently in commemoration of the Holy Family's search for shelter in Bethlehem): only approximately 40 survive from the Middle Ages; three of the seven in the present manuscript are otherwise unknown. The juxtaposition of the earthy Klopfansprüche, drinking rhymes and obscene tales in the second gathering with the aristocratic traditions of the Minne and the texts on hunting and flowers in the other three gatherings is a particularly striking feature of the present manuscript.
The manuscript was originally described by Anton Dörrer as a Tirolian 'Lesebuch' or primer: 'Ein tirolisches Lesebuch aus dem 15. und 16. Jahrhundert (Brandiser Codex 1553)', Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 57, pp.369-373. It was included on the basis of Dörrer's description in subsequent censuses, in particular of Minnereden, but the manuscript itself was considered lost, and even thought to have been destroyed during the war, until its rediscovery was announced by Klingner in 2008.
LITERATURE:
Anton Dörrer. 'Ein tirolisches Lesebuch aus dem 15. und 16. Jahrhundert (Brandiser Codex 1553)', Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 57, pp.369-373
Arend Mihm. 'Überlieferung und Verbreitung der Märendichtung im Spätmittelalter', Germanische Bibliothek, 3rd series (Heidelberg, 1967), p.131
Tilo Brandis. Mittelhochdeutsche, mittelniederdeutsche und mittelniederländische Minnereden. Verzeichnis der Handschriften und Drucke (Münchener Texte und Untersuchungen zur deutschen Literatur des Mitt elalters 25, Munich, 1968, p.244)
Ingeborg Glier. 'Artes amandi. Untersuchungen zu Geschichte, Überliererung und Typologie der deutschen Minnereden', MTU 34 (Munich 1971), p.376
Hanns Fischer. Studien zur deutschen Märendichtung, 2nd edn, (Tübingen, 1983), p.289
Wolfgang Achnitz. 'Minnereden' in 'Forschungsberichte zur
Internationalen Germanistik. Germanistische Mediävistik', ed.Hans-Jochen Schiewer with Jochen Conzelmann, Jahrbuch für Internationale Germanistik, series C6 (Bern, 2003), pp.224f
Jacob Klingner. 'Gattungsinteresse und Familientradition. Zu einer wieder aufgefundenen Sammelhandschrift der Grafen von Zimmern (Lana XXIII D 33)', Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur, 137 (2008), pp.204-228.
拍场告示
Please note that the Minne texts in the manuscript are correctly described as Minnereden, not Minnelieder.
荣誉呈献
Annegret Pettigrew
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