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拍品专文
The inscription can be translated:
Sixteenth Arhat Abhedya
Wuyin year
Holding a sutra and lighting incense, thus he made his offering
Forsaking his self and his will, with a flick of his fingers
Guan Xiu painted his image, Guan Peng drew his likeness
Yellow flowers and green bamboo, his prevailing omnipresence.
This fantastic jade sculpture depicts an arhat - a Buddhist adept who attained enlightenment - meditating or reading a sutra inside a rocky cave. Although they are considered holy in India, arhats only became figures of devotion when Buddhism spread to Tibet. Amongst these figures, a group of sixteen has been singled out as the most revered, and as Tibetan Buddhism was adopted by the Qing Imperial court to be the primary religion, these sixteen figures were frequently depicted in different media. The current jade boulder depicts the sixteenth of this group, Abhedya. He is shown holding a sutra in one hand seated beside an incense burner and incense box, a composition taken from a 10th century painting by Monk Guanxiu, which the Qianlong emperor viewed in the Shengyin Temple in Hangzhou during his Southern Tours in 1757. The experience of viewing these paintings greatly inspired him and he composed a series of poems accompanying each of the arhats the next year, one of which is inscribed at the back of this boulder. The depiction of the Sixteen Luohan in Guanxiu’s style was also frequently seen on Imperial works of art, such as a massive screen in the Palace Museum. At the same time, the Qing Empire regained control of the Xinjiang area, which enabled the steady flow of top quality jade boulders from Khotan. The making of this beautiful jade sculpture is a testament to these two significant cultural and political events at the height of the Qianlong period.
A similarly rendered jade boulder, depicting the Eighth Luohan Kanaka in a grotto, is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (accession number 02.18.640). The cliff face at the front of this boulder is similarly incised with inscriptions stating that the subject depicted is the Eighth Luohan Kanaka, accompanied by an Imperial poem, as well as five Qianlong seals. Another jade boulder with similar subject matter, carved with a Luohan seated on a rock, one cliff face with an inscription identifying him as the Ninth Luohan Faakula, is in the British Museum Collection (museum number 1930,1217.15).
Sixteenth Arhat Abhedya
Wuyin year
Holding a sutra and lighting incense, thus he made his offering
Forsaking his self and his will, with a flick of his fingers
Guan Xiu painted his image, Guan Peng drew his likeness
Yellow flowers and green bamboo, his prevailing omnipresence.
This fantastic jade sculpture depicts an arhat - a Buddhist adept who attained enlightenment - meditating or reading a sutra inside a rocky cave. Although they are considered holy in India, arhats only became figures of devotion when Buddhism spread to Tibet. Amongst these figures, a group of sixteen has been singled out as the most revered, and as Tibetan Buddhism was adopted by the Qing Imperial court to be the primary religion, these sixteen figures were frequently depicted in different media. The current jade boulder depicts the sixteenth of this group, Abhedya. He is shown holding a sutra in one hand seated beside an incense burner and incense box, a composition taken from a 10th century painting by Monk Guanxiu, which the Qianlong emperor viewed in the Shengyin Temple in Hangzhou during his Southern Tours in 1757. The experience of viewing these paintings greatly inspired him and he composed a series of poems accompanying each of the arhats the next year, one of which is inscribed at the back of this boulder. The depiction of the Sixteen Luohan in Guanxiu’s style was also frequently seen on Imperial works of art, such as a massive screen in the Palace Museum. At the same time, the Qing Empire regained control of the Xinjiang area, which enabled the steady flow of top quality jade boulders from Khotan. The making of this beautiful jade sculpture is a testament to these two significant cultural and political events at the height of the Qianlong period.
A similarly rendered jade boulder, depicting the Eighth Luohan Kanaka in a grotto, is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (accession number 02.18.640). The cliff face at the front of this boulder is similarly incised with inscriptions stating that the subject depicted is the Eighth Luohan Kanaka, accompanied by an Imperial poem, as well as five Qianlong seals. Another jade boulder with similar subject matter, carved with a Luohan seated on a rock, one cliff face with an inscription identifying him as the Ninth Luohan Faakula, is in the British Museum Collection (museum number 1930,1217.15).