拍品专文
C'est avec un feu d'artifices de roses, de blancs et de violets, couronné par quelques arbres et la façade d'une maison, que Bonnard dépeint ici les fleurs du potager de sa demeure familiale au Grand-Lemps. Doté de dix hectares de terres boisées et d'un vaste jardin – dont cette toile de 1909 offre un aperçu hautement coloré – « Le Clos » est blotti au pied des Alpes dans l'ancien Dauphiné (en actuelle Isère), à mi-chemin entre Lyon et Grenoble. Adulte, Bonnard est resté très attaché à cette demeure où il avait passé les vacances de son enfance et qui avait autrefois appartenu à son grand-père paternel, agriculteur et grainetier. Des premières heures de sa carrière jusqu'à la vente de la propriété en 1928, le peintre y séjourne régulièrement, souvent durant de longues semaines au printemps. Ce domaine que Timothy Hyman décrit comme l'une des « constantes de son existence, depuis sa plus tendre enfance jusqu'à la veille de ses soixante ans » (Bonnard, Londres, 1998, p. 70) s'impose au fil des années comme un motif majeur de son œuvre et l'un des points d'ancrage de son esthétique. C'est d'ailleurs au Grand-Lemps, durant l'été 1895, que Bonnard va se sentir complet et épanoui dans son identité d'artiste pour la première fois : « Un beau jour, toutes les phrases et toutes les théories sur lesquelles s'étaient basées nos conversations – la couleur, l'harmonie, le rapport entre la ligne et le ton, l'équilibre – semblaient avoir perdu leur charge abstraite pour devenir concrètes. D'un coup, j'ai compris ce que je recherchais et par quels moyens j'allais y parvenir » (cite in ibid., p. 35).
Dans les années qui suivent cet éveil créatif, Bonnard peint au Clos certaines de ses toiles nabies les plus remarquables : essentiellement des intérieurs domestiques intimistes, sans fenêtres, où il représente les membres de sa famille en train de manger, de lire ou de coudre. À partir de 1900, son pinceau se tourne toutefois vers les jardins environnants, gorgés de la luxuriance et de la lumière de la campagne dauphinoise. Dans le présent tableau, c'est en portant toute son attention sur les plantes du potager et leurs pétales aux mouchetures vives et généreuses que Bonnard sublime la propriété de ses aïeux. Ce parterre de fleurs qui évoque les aplats richement ornementés de ses œuvres nabies semble vouloir envahir le premier plan, étouffant presque la maison perchée en haut de la composition – une impression qu'accentue la perspective en contre-plongée. Ici, comme dans d'autres toiles du Grand-Lemps, la nature est reine, et les passe-temps bourgeois, les jeux d'enfants et les beaux jours se succèdent paisiblement, loin de la cohue parisienne. En ce sens, plus qu'une simple maison de vacances emplie de souvenirs heureux, Le Clos représente pour Bonnard un havre de paix, un lieu hors du temps, épargné des mutations constantes de la modernité. Selon son monographe Nicholas Watkins, « pour Bonnard, les vacances annuelles au Clos sont comme le retour à un paradis terrestre, à un îlot d'insouciance » (Bonnard, Londres, 1994, p. 16).
With a firework of pinks, whites and purples crowned by trees and a house, Bonnard depicts the flowers of the vegetable garden located at his family's ancestral home Le Clos (The Orchard) in the village of Le Grand-Lemps. The house, which was surrounded by a large garden and ten acres of woodland – of which a colourful fragment is represented in Les Fleurs du potager (Le Grand-Lemps) of 1909 - was tucked away in the former province of Dauphiné (now Isère) in the southeast corner of France, midway between Lyon and Grenoble at the base of the French Alps. Bonnard had spent school breaks at Le Clos as a child and a young man and was strongly attached to the estate, which had originally belonged to his paternal grandfather Michel, a farmer and grain merchant. He continued to spend holidays there from the early years of his career until the house was sold in 1928, often staying for several weeks in the spring. Timothy Hyman has called the estate "one of the fixed points of the artist's existence from his childhood until well into his fifties" (Bonnard, London, 1998, p. 70), and it represents a key theme of his art as well as the anchor of his aesthetics. Indeed, Bonnard would later date the first crystallization of his full painterly identity to a summer in the Dauphiné in 1895: "One day all the words and theories which formed the basis of our conversation-- color, harmony, the relationship between line and tone, balance-- seemed to have lost their abstract application and become concrete. In a flash I understood what I was looking for and how I would set about achieving it" (quoted in ibid., p. 35).
During the latter half of the 1890s, following this creative breakthrough, Bonnard painted some of his greatest Nabi canvases at Le Clos, mostly intimate, windowless interior scenes that depict members of his family as they eat, sew, and read. After 1900, his focus shifted to the gardens surrounding the house, which were infused with the light and lushness of the rural Dauphiné. Here, he glorified his family’s estate by focusing exclusively on the garden with its abundant flecks of bright flowers. To some extent reminiscent of the flat highly patterned surfaces ornamenting Bonnard’s Nabi works, the vegetable garden flowers seem to take up most of the space in the foreground, emphasized by the low-angle perspective, as if suffocating the house in the upper part of the composition. Clearly, nature dominates in Bonnard’s painting and as confirmed by the other types of paintings executed by Bonnard at Le Clos, depicting charming and unaffected images of bourgeois leisure and youthful diversions, Le Clos was therefore in many ways Bonnard’s escape from the bustling Parisian life, a safe haven full of bliss and happy memories, and represented a place spared from the constant changes of modern life. As Nicholas Watkins explained in his monograph on the artist, "Bonnard's annual holidays at Le Clos were for him a return to an earthly paradise, a place of childhood innocence" (Bonnard, London, 1994, p. 16).
Dans les années qui suivent cet éveil créatif, Bonnard peint au Clos certaines de ses toiles nabies les plus remarquables : essentiellement des intérieurs domestiques intimistes, sans fenêtres, où il représente les membres de sa famille en train de manger, de lire ou de coudre. À partir de 1900, son pinceau se tourne toutefois vers les jardins environnants, gorgés de la luxuriance et de la lumière de la campagne dauphinoise. Dans le présent tableau, c'est en portant toute son attention sur les plantes du potager et leurs pétales aux mouchetures vives et généreuses que Bonnard sublime la propriété de ses aïeux. Ce parterre de fleurs qui évoque les aplats richement ornementés de ses œuvres nabies semble vouloir envahir le premier plan, étouffant presque la maison perchée en haut de la composition – une impression qu'accentue la perspective en contre-plongée. Ici, comme dans d'autres toiles du Grand-Lemps, la nature est reine, et les passe-temps bourgeois, les jeux d'enfants et les beaux jours se succèdent paisiblement, loin de la cohue parisienne. En ce sens, plus qu'une simple maison de vacances emplie de souvenirs heureux, Le Clos représente pour Bonnard un havre de paix, un lieu hors du temps, épargné des mutations constantes de la modernité. Selon son monographe Nicholas Watkins, « pour Bonnard, les vacances annuelles au Clos sont comme le retour à un paradis terrestre, à un îlot d'insouciance » (Bonnard, Londres, 1994, p. 16).
With a firework of pinks, whites and purples crowned by trees and a house, Bonnard depicts the flowers of the vegetable garden located at his family's ancestral home Le Clos (The Orchard) in the village of Le Grand-Lemps. The house, which was surrounded by a large garden and ten acres of woodland – of which a colourful fragment is represented in Les Fleurs du potager (Le Grand-Lemps) of 1909 - was tucked away in the former province of Dauphiné (now Isère) in the southeast corner of France, midway between Lyon and Grenoble at the base of the French Alps. Bonnard had spent school breaks at Le Clos as a child and a young man and was strongly attached to the estate, which had originally belonged to his paternal grandfather Michel, a farmer and grain merchant. He continued to spend holidays there from the early years of his career until the house was sold in 1928, often staying for several weeks in the spring. Timothy Hyman has called the estate "one of the fixed points of the artist's existence from his childhood until well into his fifties" (Bonnard, London, 1998, p. 70), and it represents a key theme of his art as well as the anchor of his aesthetics. Indeed, Bonnard would later date the first crystallization of his full painterly identity to a summer in the Dauphiné in 1895: "One day all the words and theories which formed the basis of our conversation-- color, harmony, the relationship between line and tone, balance-- seemed to have lost their abstract application and become concrete. In a flash I understood what I was looking for and how I would set about achieving it" (quoted in ibid., p. 35).
During the latter half of the 1890s, following this creative breakthrough, Bonnard painted some of his greatest Nabi canvases at Le Clos, mostly intimate, windowless interior scenes that depict members of his family as they eat, sew, and read. After 1900, his focus shifted to the gardens surrounding the house, which were infused with the light and lushness of the rural Dauphiné. Here, he glorified his family’s estate by focusing exclusively on the garden with its abundant flecks of bright flowers. To some extent reminiscent of the flat highly patterned surfaces ornamenting Bonnard’s Nabi works, the vegetable garden flowers seem to take up most of the space in the foreground, emphasized by the low-angle perspective, as if suffocating the house in the upper part of the composition. Clearly, nature dominates in Bonnard’s painting and as confirmed by the other types of paintings executed by Bonnard at Le Clos, depicting charming and unaffected images of bourgeois leisure and youthful diversions, Le Clos was therefore in many ways Bonnard’s escape from the bustling Parisian life, a safe haven full of bliss and happy memories, and represented a place spared from the constant changes of modern life. As Nicholas Watkins explained in his monograph on the artist, "Bonnard's annual holidays at Le Clos were for him a return to an earthly paradise, a place of childhood innocence" (Bonnard, London, 1994, p. 16).