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拍品专文
The German etcher and painter Johann Wilhelm Baur is celebrated for his miniatures and etchings, particularly his innovative vedute, which had lasting influence in German and Austria. He came from a family of goldsmiths, though he trained in the Strasbourg workshop of Friedrich Brentel I. By 1630, Baur had moved to Italy, making it down to Naples to witness the eruption of Vesuvius on 16 December 1631. In Naples, he published his first series of prints, Battles of Divers Nations, which show the influence of Antonio Tempesta. The theme of battles would occupy much of his output. In Rome, he began producing miniature vedute, and pioneered the veduta ideate, which combined observed details with imagined elements. As a member of the Bentvueghels, he assumed the nickname `Reger’ or `Reygher’ (`heron’). In 1637, he moved to Vienna, producing several harbor scenes inspired by Claude Lorrain as well as his greatest work in etching, 150 illustrations of Ovid’s Metamorphoses.
Baur was also celebrated during his lifetime for his battle scenes, many of which were published as prints. The present painting belongs to a series of works executed in shell gold paint on panels, all of which correspond to prints by different artists. Though they were all sold under anonymous attributions in various auctions in the late 1980s and early 1990s, according to records in the archives of the RKD in The Hague, in December 2002 they were collectively attributed to Johann Wilhelm Baur by Marijke C. de Kinkelder. In addition to the present lot, these include a painting formerly in the Ian Woodner collection, sold Christie’s, New York, 19 May 1993, lot 116, representing The Battle of Nancy after a print by Jacques Callot from Les misères et les malheurs de la guerre, and another painting representing a battle in a hilly landscape, which sold Christie’s, London, 1 April 1990, lot 32.
For the present work, Baur relied upon his own print, a 1637 engraving depicting the Battle of Oosterweel. Generally viewed as the first battle of the Eighty Years' War, this historic event took place in a small village outside of Antwerp on 13 March 1567. On that day, an army of Calvinist rebels led by Jan van Marnix was massacred by more experienced Spanish troops led by Filips van Lannoy.
Baur was also celebrated during his lifetime for his battle scenes, many of which were published as prints. The present painting belongs to a series of works executed in shell gold paint on panels, all of which correspond to prints by different artists. Though they were all sold under anonymous attributions in various auctions in the late 1980s and early 1990s, according to records in the archives of the RKD in The Hague, in December 2002 they were collectively attributed to Johann Wilhelm Baur by Marijke C. de Kinkelder. In addition to the present lot, these include a painting formerly in the Ian Woodner collection, sold Christie’s, New York, 19 May 1993, lot 116, representing The Battle of Nancy after a print by Jacques Callot from Les misères et les malheurs de la guerre, and another painting representing a battle in a hilly landscape, which sold Christie’s, London, 1 April 1990, lot 32.
For the present work, Baur relied upon his own print, a 1637 engraving depicting the Battle of Oosterweel. Generally viewed as the first battle of the Eighty Years' War, this historic event took place in a small village outside of Antwerp on 13 March 1567. On that day, an army of Calvinist rebels led by Jan van Marnix was massacred by more experienced Spanish troops led by Filips van Lannoy.