細節
徐冰
語言風景 - 舊地重遊 4
水墨 紙本
2003年作
簽名:Xu Bing
鈐印︰Xu Bing
來源
台灣 誠品畫廊
現藏者購自上述畫廊

「我的作品始終貫穿一個線索,就是對現有觀念的一種質疑。為什麼用文字?文字是人類文化概念最基本的一個元素。對文字的改造,就是對人的思維最本質的那一部分的改造。」
- 徐冰

創作於1986年的版畫《八日》(Lot 1595),承續了袖珍木刻版畫《碎玉集》對純樸農村的留戀,徐冰在此更深入地探討了版畫的間接性與複數性的特質。《八日》以連續性的木版畫形式,在長達六公尺的紙面載入八個風景片段,細膩的刀痕與油墨產生清晰、富理性的美,在日正當空到夕陽西下的依次跌宕中,形成充滿情感起伏的韻律變化,如藝術家說的「藝術中的複數性具有與生命律動相吻合的審美因素」。作品的長卷形式不僅讓我們在近距離的觀看中,體會步移景換的樂趣,八個太陽的位置變化更產生時序上的推移,體現了時間與空間的複雜交錯。

徐冰於1999年參加芬蘭Kiasm國家美術館策劃的「喜馬拉雅計劃」,使他重新拿起寫生本,坐在山上面對真的山寫「山」,他形容這「也是畫山,中國文字寫山畫山是一回事」,在這過程中,藝術家將書法和繪畫史上有關風格和概念的討論通通忘掉,去直接碰觸文化中最本質的部份,後來的「語言風景」系列則更深入地實踐了這樣的觀點。在2003年的《語言風景:舊地重遊4》(Lot 1592)中,右面是亂「石」堆疊成的懸崖,中景至遠景則是「木」、是「林」、是「森」,徐冰運用了中國文字最特殊的一種性質,串聯起思維與圖像,回到上古文字的「視而可識,察而見意」與「畫成其物,隨體詰詘」,使得作品已然超越了語言、民族與文化的限制。中國文人說「寫生」、「寫畫」,卻在元代之後宥於固有的畫譜與技法,導致文字和圖像在不斷的反覆臨摹間逐漸僵化。徐冰在藝術創作的過程當中,重新檢驗和證明了文化的表述與自然之間的關係,他不採用題詩與書法,而是尋求不帶著任何文化痕跡與概念的「書寫」,在畫的同時「就是在寫字,在寫詩,你可以說它們是書法,也可以說是繪畫,又可以是一篇文字」,徐冰拋去了文人世世代代傳承的桎梏與枷鎖,而以文字最初、最原始的面貌完成了「詩、書、畫」融於一爐的理想。

徐冰在2004年創作了裝置作品《何處惹塵埃》,將在911事件中收集到的灰塵吹到展覽中,經過24小時的落定,在展廳地面上由灰塵顯示出兩行中國七世紀禪師六祖慧能的詩:「本來無一物,何處惹塵埃」。同年藝術家以新英文書法發表《禪詩注I》(Lot 1593),寫下節錄自1964年鈴木大拙 (D.T. Suzuki)《禪學入門》關於「菩提本無樹,明鏡亦非台。本來無一物,何處惹塵埃」的短文,禪宗講究「一聞言下大悟,頓見真如本性」的「頓悟」思想,徐冰以英文書法寫下禪偈,打破了既有的語言框架,在非中非英的陳述中,提供了更廣的思維空間與更多的可能性。同時,西方基督教關於塵埃的概念亦與東方禪學有相通之處,《聖經》中說:「本是塵土,仍要歸於塵土」,說明了塵埃屬於一個最恆定的元素,也暗示了一切最終都要回到最基本的物質狀態,東方與西方、物質世界與精神世界本處於相對應的關係,徐冰在此以《禪詩注I》中的禪詩與英文書法深刻地探討了它們之間重疊與共存的可能性。

徐冰說:「我的作品喜歡給你製造一個障礙,強迫你必須要面對一個新的知識和概念的挑戰。」《英文方塊字書法》(Lot 1594)以裝置形式擴大新英文書法的內容,筆、墨、紙、硯的出現明確揭示了文房四寶的意涵,這些中國文人書房常備的文具,是漢字之外孕育書法藝術的必備要件。文化傳承來自悠久歷史與社會環境,徐冰以英文組成方塊字,再用中國特有的書法與文房四寶來陳述,因此無論是東方或西方的觀眾,總能在徐冰的藝術中打破慣性,反思自身的文化與知識累積。
來源
Eslite Gallery, Taiwan
Acquired from the above by the present owner

榮譽呈獻

Felix Yip
Felix Yip

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拍品專文

"My work invariably possesses a clue implying an attitude-- skeptical of prevailing beliefs." Why do we use characters? Characters are the most basic element of human cultures. To reform characters is to reform the most basic substance of human thinking."R-Xu Bing

Created in 1986, the Eight Suns (Lot 1595) inherits the nostalgia of modest villages from the mini-wood-block print of the Broken Jade. But here, Xu substantially explores the indirectness and repetitiveness of printing. The Eight Suns is presented in the format of eight consecutive wood-block prints on a paper six-meter long. The refined incisions and printing ink produce beauty in clarity and rationality. With the pattern flowing from the midday to setting sun, the painting conjures rhythmic variations in sentiments, recalling the artist's saying, "the repetitiveness in art possesses artistic elements that match the resonance of life." The format of hand-scroll not only allows us to view closely but also, when strolling along, to enjoy the fun of seeing the scenery change with each step. Furthermore, the change of location of the eight suns produces chronological movements, thereby convincing us of the crisscrossing time and space and their complexity.

In 1999, Xu participated in the Helsinki-Himalayan Exchange project curated by Finland's Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art, which renewed his interest in life drawing. He commented that sitting on a mountain top, facing real mountains and writing the characters of "mountain" is "painting mountains as well; to 'write' mountains using Chinese characters and to 'paint' mountains is the same thing." During the process, the artist suspends discussions relating to styles and concepts of the history of paintings and calligraphy, and instead goes straight to touch on the most basic part of culture. Later on, in the "Landscript" series, he put this view into practice to a deeper level. The Landscript: Revisit 4 (Lot 1592) created in 2003 has, at the right hand side, a cliff piled up by rubble of Chinese character,"rock", whereas in the middle and the background are "wood" and "forest". Xu uses the most peculiar aspects of Chinese characters to link ideas and images together, which is a return to the archaic characters when they were "known by seeing and understood by observing" and "articulated in object images and twisted to follow object forms". Hence, Xu enable his work to go beyond the limits of language, race and culture.

With the access to catalogues of paintings and the prevailing techniques, the Chinese literati's way of "life drawing" and "writing painting" since after Yuan had reached an impasse resulted from endless repetitive reproduction and copying of characters and images. During artistic creation, Xu re-examines and testifies the relation between nature and cultural interpretations. Instead of inscribing poems and calligraphy, he searches for the "writing" bearing none of cultural legacies and values. When painting, "it is also writing and composing poems; you may refer them [the characters] as a piece of calligraphy, painting or writing as well." Xu smashes the shackles and restrictions inherited from the literati tradition and, with the earliest and the most primitive form of characters, accomplishes the ideal of fusing poetry, calligraphy and paintings into one.

In 2004, Xu created the installation "Where Does the Dust Itself Collect?", he collected for 24 hours the dust blown from the site of September 11th to the floor of the exhibition hall. The dust was accumulated into the form of two lines of a poem composed by Hui Neng, the Sixth Patriarch of the Zen Buddhism in China: "As there is nothing from the first, where does the dust itself collect?" In the same year, the artist created the Zen Poetry I (Lot 1593) writing in the style of Square Word Calligraphy, in which, quoted from D.T. Suzuki's The Introduction of Zen Buddhism published in 1964, he writes: "The bodhi is not like the tree; The mirror bright is nowhere shining: As there is nothing from the first, Where does the dust itself collect?" Zen Buddhism emphasizes the idea of enlightenmentww"enlightened upon hearing, and seeing the truth instantly." Writing the Buddhist poem in English calligraphy, Xu breaks the existing language barrier, and in this non-Chinese and non-English narration, he expands the dimension of thinking and offers more possibilities. Coincidently, the concept of dust of the Western Christianity shares similarity with the Eastern Zen Buddhism. The Bible says, "Everything comes from dust and goes back to dust." This means dust is the most constant element, implying every substance will return to the fundamental state. While the relation between the East and the West, and between the spiritual and material world is contrasting, in Zen Poetry I, Xu profoundly explore the possibility of their coexistence and similarity.
Xu says, "I like making obstacles for you in my work, forcing you to meet the challenge of new knowledge and ideas." The Square Word (Lot 1594) is an installation expanding the content of Square Word Calligraphy. The appearance of pen, paper, ink-stone and ink-stick explicitly indicates the fours treasures of the study. These common stationery items of the Chinese scholar's studio are, besides Chinese characters, the criteria nurturing calligraphic art. Cultural inheritance, stemming from a long history and social environment, is narrated by Xu with English characters composed in rectangular form, with the unique Chinese calligraphy and with the four treasures of scholar's studio. Hence, regardless of coming from East or the West, viewers can always find ways to breaking the norms and rethinking own cultural and intellectual cultivation.

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