細節
曾梵志
憂鬱的人

油彩 畫布
1990年作
簽名:曾凡志

展覽
1990年6月「曾梵志作品展」湖北省美術院美術館 湖北 中國

出版
1990年《曾梵志作品展》湖北省美術院美術館 湖北 中國 (圖版,封底)

1990年代初,曾梵志從武漢遷移至首都北京,城市的急速步伐令當時正逐步投身成為全職獨立藝術家的他,難免感到前路茫茫,然而他說:「儘管(未來)不確定,理想主義仍然是激發想像的火花」。歷經逾二十年的繪畫生涯,曾梵志不斷在創作風格、主題與技巧方面創新,源源不絕地發放想像和創意的火花,為我們帶來許多了不起的作品。在是次夜拍和日拍收錄了曾梵志1990至2004年的作品,讓我們有機會親睹他筆下的深刻情感和高超技巧,也見證著這名中國頂尖畫家的冒起與創作歷程。

在眾多的中國畫家當中,同時具備曾梵志深度和廣度的藝術家並不常見。出道初年,他的畫以情感率直見稱,而收藏家喜歡他那出於直覺的心理意識和細心運用的表現主義技巧。最早期的《醫院》和《肉》系列以日常事物作題材,表現出他與生俱來的感受和人道主義立場。這些畫作於1990年代初期,那時他還在武漢市修讀繪畫課程。其後他移居北京,投入大城市生活,創作立時起了變化,不得不對周遭流於表面的社會環境作出回應。他的《面具》系列以現代城市生活為背景,利用諷刺的手法和誇張的姿勢與個人存在的沉重擔憂作對比,一輕一重間牽引出強大張力。長久以來,曾梵志在藝術技巧方面的處理往往與慣常手法背道而馳,因他追求的不是單純的情感表達,而是將自己對事物的感知和想法記錄下來。

《憂鬱的人》(Lot 1206)及《老虎》(Lot 1232)分別創作於1990年及1991年,屬武漢時期作品,是曾梵志當年熱衷探索的題材。回想當年於湖北美術學院進修的日子,和選擇表現主義的原因,他形容:「最大的收獲是學會如何使用線條、色彩與形式來表現我對某個主題、形式、或情感的感受。我學會了運用自己的情感去探索畫中主角所象徵的深層意義,而非只是為了畫些甚麼而畫」。對曾梵志影響至深的,是德國與荷蘭的表現主義畫家,而在他最早期的繪畫中,我們也可看到這種濃烈色彩與粗獷筆觸。從這些早年作品,我們可追溯這名藝術家於技巧上的進步,尤其可見於他運用強烈色彩和粗糙質感來表現情緒、氣氛和個性的手法。曾梵志深入研究過這些西方經典,《憂鬱的人》在主題和構圖上都令人想起印象主義後期的藝術家;畫中反映出當代人的心理狀況,不是麻木就是洩氣,就像德加(Edgar Degas)的《苦艾酒》(The Absinthe Drinker)和梵高的《嘉舍醫生的畫像》(Portrait of Doctor Gachet)。在曾梵志的版本裡,我們看到一名獨個兒坐著的無名男子,看來很不高興,這跟他的《醫院》系列是有連繫的。該系列經常出現一些坐著或等候著的人物,他們深沉的外表與神情,彰顯了醫院的漫長等待裡那份寂寞與疏離。然而相比之下,《憂鬱的人》所用的筆觸和色彩更為銳利,男人倚牆而坐,有如被困於幽閉空間,身心皆被囚禁。雖然他的姿勢放鬆,但看來也像是不耐煩或想放棄的樣子。《醫院》系列大都由多名人物構成,就像宗教故事畫那樣,而這無名氏的單人肖像在表達上則更為細緻,觀察更為深入,其情緒狀態複雜而矛盾,不僅與前者所描繪的社會情景相異,情感距離亦屬不同層次,此作品可謂預示了曾梵志後來著名的《面具》系列之心理領域。
出版
Hubei Institute of Fine Arts Gallery, Zeng Fanzhi Solo Exhibition, exh. cat., Hubei, China, 1990 (illustrated, back cover).
展覽
Hubei, China, Hubei Institute of Fine Arts Gallery, Zeng Fanzhi Solo Exhibition, June 1990.

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拍品專文

In the early 1990s, the Chinese as a nation were not ready for capitalism, nor was the artist himself completely prepared for the fast-paced, cosmopolitan life he would find in moving from provincial Wuhan to the capital Beijing. Entering fully into a career as an independent artist, Zeng no doubt was not entirely ready for the future either. But as the artist has stated, "despite this uncertainty [of the future], idealism was still a spark that fired many imaginations." In over two decades of painting and in the continued evolution of his styles, themes, and technique, Zeng's own relentless spark of imagination and creativity have given provided us with an extraordinary oeuvre. The range of works by the artist featured across the Evening and Day sales, spanning 1990 to 2004, provide us an opportunity to appreciate Zeng's own empathy and unparalleled artistic skills, as well as the transformations and evolutions of one of China's leading painters.

There are few Chinese painters whose careers boast the breadth and complexity as that of Zeng Fanzhi. From the earliest stages of his career, Zeng Fanzhi's paintings have been marked by their emotional directness, the artist's intuitive psychological sense of perception, and his carefully calibrated expressionistic techniques. His earliest Hospital and Meat series, painted in the early 1990s while the artist was still in provincial Wuhan, completing a degree in painting, displayed his inherent humanism and sympathy with the daily existence of those around him. Moving tot the more cosmopolitan Beijing in the early 1990s, Zeng's art displayed an immediate shift, responding to his immersion in a more superficial environment, his seminal Mask series displaying the tensions between the artist's dominant existential concerns and an ironic treatment over the pomposity and posturing inherent to his new contemporary, urban life. Throughout, Zeng's techniques often run counter to their convention usage, as the artist pursues not pure emotional expression, but instead a record of his own disposition and his perception of his subjects.

A Man in Melancholy (Lot 1206) and A Pair of Tigers (Lot 1232), painted in 1990 and 1991 respectively, emerge from Zeng's early Wuhan years and are related to the themes Zeng was exploring at the time. Reflecting on his undergraduate study and gravitation towards expressionism at the Hebei Acaademy of Fine Arts, Zeng recalls: "The biggest received experience was in using line, color and form to express my response to a topic, form or emotion. I learned to utilize my emotion to produce a deep reflection upon a subject rather than making a painting that merely illustrated something." His strongest inspiration was the expressionist works of German and Dutch artists, whose rich palette and broad brushstrokes can clearly be mirrored in Zeng's earliest canvases. His progression as an artist is evident in these works, especially in his use of blazing colors and rough textures to affect mood, ambience, and character. Zeng's deep study of these masters is apparent in A Man in Melancholy, the subject and composition reminiscent of late Impressionist artists' observations of their contemporaries in states of repose if not dejection, like Edgar Degas' Absinthe Drinker or Vincent van Gogh's Portrait of Doctor Gatchet. Zeng shows an anonymous male, seated alone, looking sharply sullen. The work is related to Zeng's Hospital series, which often feature figures simply sitting and waiting, their dulled features and expressions highlighting the melancholy and alienation felt in these extended hospital stays. In A Man in Melancholy however is marked by sharper strokes and edgier colors. The man is seated against a wall, and the composition is claustrophobic, rendering him both physically and emotionally boxed in. His posture is relaxed, but also suggests a mix of impatience and resignation. Zeng's Hospital paintings were often deliberately composed, multi-figural almost religious tableaus. As such, this anonymous portrait is a much more closely observed emotional exploration of a figure wrought with complex and contradictory emotions, apparently in a social environment but equally at a great emotional distance from not shown. As a result, the painting also prefigures the psychological terrain that Zeng would pursue later in his iconic Maskpaintings.

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