QI BAISHI (1863-1957)
QI BAISHI (1863-1957)

Drunken Immortal

細節
齊白石 壽酒神仙 設色紙本 立軸 一九三五年作
題識:壽酒神仙。乙亥 (1935年) 冬月白石畫並篆。
鈐印:老木
啓功題簽條:齊白石壽酒神仙圖精品,啓功題籤。
鈐印:啟功、元白
出版:《齊白石繪畫精品集》,人民美術出版社,北京,1990年,第36頁。
《榮寶齋畫譜》(七十四) 人物部分,榮寶齋,北京,1993年,圖版21。
《齊白石全集》第四卷,湖南美術出版社,1996年,圖版87。
註:‘鍾馗專吃鬼,其妹與他做生日,寫禮貼雲:“酒一尊,鬼兩個,送給哥哥做點剁;哥哥若嫌禮物少,連挑擔的是三個。”’
— 明 趟南星《笑贊》(撰自鄭尊仁《鍾馗研究》)
鍾馗是民間所熟知的捉鬼人物,正史中雖未見此 人,但早在南北朝時期,既有人用“鍾馗”二字取名,可見其出現之早。自唐朝以來,鍾馗一直 是文人及民間畫家所愛的題材,如藏於華盛頓的弗瑞爾美術館,龔開畫的《中山出遊圖》。
鍾馗亦是齊白石常畫的題材。齊於創作初期,經常取用道教,佛教和民間傳說中的人物為材,借此訓練他工筆和寫意的畫風。別於一般畫家刻板 的描寫,齊白石表現了神仙帶有醉意的情景,構圖巧妙特別,高下立見。他用誇張的手法,畫出神仙鬼怪及其他人物的喜怒哀樂。鍾馗背著的竹 竿剛勁有力,表現了畫家深厚的書法根基。齊白石早年時候,既臨摹又寫生,他用大筆水墨描寫神仙,既不是順手亂塗,也不是全憑想像,而是 在寫生的基礎上,用意用筆都是從工致細密,一絲不苟出發的。同時,在用墨用色方面,也是從全局設想,淺深濃澹,變化多端。《壽酒神仙》 充份表現出白石對事物深刻仔細的觀察,精煉而有力的筆墨。《齊白石作品集》中亦出現一幅同樣題材的《鍾馗小妹壽兄》(第一集,圖版 92)。
出版
Masterpiece of Painting by Qi Baishi, People's Fine Arts Publishing House, Beijing, 1990, p.36.
Rongbao zhai huapu (74) - Figures, Rongbao Zhai, 1993, pl.21.
The Collected Works of Qi Baishi (No.4), Hunan Fine Art Publishing House, 1996, pl.87.

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拍品專文

The legendary ghost slayer Zhong Kui was a figure of Chinese mythology, believed to be a vanquisher of ghosts and evil beings. His portrait is often pasted on the doors of families for protection, while his legend was a source of inspiration for painters, the most notable being Gong Kai's (1222-1307) Zhong Kui Travelling with his Sister, at the Freer Gallery of Art, Washington.

Qi Baishi's earliest study paintings were of Daoist and Buddhist immortals, which he painted to earn extra income during his carpenter days. As his career as an artist developed, Qi moved from the detailed gongbi style to a more free, xieyi style of painting. Qi's exquisite balance of realism and xieyi style resulted in a harmonious depiction of a scene reduced to its essence. Pared down to several telling touches, Drunken Immortal depicts an immortal balancing a rod on his shoulder, with the 'longevity' wine receptacle in front and spirits in the basket at the back. For its fantastical subject matter, Qi's treatment of the immortal belies his skill in portraiture and his cleverness in rendering the outline of clothing and objects with ease. The dry, fading quality of the lines at the bottom of the garment suggests motion, while the long, powerful brushstrokes that form the rod give credence to the weight of the wine and the spirits. Drunken Immortal expresses Qi's commitment to his own perceptions and experience, with innate technical resourcefulness of remarkable inventiveness. One can see similarities in a published piece, Qi Baishi's Works (Qi Baishi zuo pin ji), volume 1, plate 92.

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