JITISH KALLAT
吉堤斯‧卡拉特

Untitled (Eclipse) - 4

細節
吉堤斯‧卡拉特
Untitled (Eclipse) - 4
壓克力 畫布 (三聯作)
2008年作
簽名:Jitish Kallat

來源
中國 北京 阿拉里奧畫廊
現藏者購自上述畫廊


Jitish Kallat 1996年畢業於孟買的詹姆塞特吉‧吉吉博伊爵士藝術學院(Sir J.J. School of Art),時至今日,他經已成為印度最重要的當代藝術家之一,開創了獨特的畫風,跨越了油畫、雕塑、錄像和照片的界限。

Kallat是屬於1991年印度經濟開放後,新世代的藝術家。當時剛引入電視,影像資訊爆發,從而啟發了卡拉的創作。談到這裡,他說:「在1991至1992年期間,印度最初只有兩條國營電視頻道,幾個月後,就已經有接近九十多條,從中可以清楚地察看國民的思想品味。作為一位年輕的藝術家,我不單要研究歷史,還要了解大眾文化,因為這種種現象,都理所當然地會滲入我的創作之中,兩者息息相關。」(與藝術家的對話)自此,他就以媒體為題,融入創作之中,利用舊照片、傳真和影印件,以拼合的方式,在視覺上營造了拼貼的效果。

此作是《Eclipse》系列中極為出色的作品,以宏觀的角度,描繪了在典型大都市的生活體驗。孩子要經常站在交通燈旁等候,預備隨時向行人兜售書籍,畫家似乎有意突出大城市那股強烈的進取心態。作品的畫面採用了他一貫的作風,透過慣用的技巧和有計劃的鋪排,利用畫中人充滿活力的形象,把主角轉化為生動的空間體驗。他們的頭部、髮型和肩膀都是畫面的重點,幾乎貫穿了作品的軸心;運用條紋為背景,表示了畫中人實在地面對、甚至圍繞著觀者。這種誇張的表達方式,令觀者有機會輕易地仔細審閱畫家的藝術技巧和風格。

Kallat統一了孩子的形象特徵,令觀者把焦點放於同一位置。或許他不想把角色個人化,反而利用影像作喻,令人產生聯想,有助表達對城市一體化的感覺。角色的頭髮是拼貼而成,混亂的人群、擠擁的街道、行駛中的汽車,構成錯綜複雜的畫面,描述了孟買市內異常的活力,以及龐大的人口及汽車數目。在每個角色的上半身,我們會發現一些類似潑墨的痕跡,這些一絲不苟的細節可令觀點切身反思,藉此提醒我們這並非人像畫,而是一幅彩色的影像。既挑戰了人像畫應寫實的傳統,亦帶領了我們思考和研究該畫作及其主題。

畫家以壯觀的規模、方法和鮮活的色彩,透過早期「堆疊」的作畫方式,毫無保留地向觀者展現了頑童和流浪兒童的影像。因此,《Untitled (Eclipse) - 4》(Lot 1039) 並非一幅集體的人像畫,而是以分層的方法,從內容和技巧上剖析畫作;就像七巧板的其中一部分,試圖令人喚起這個活力之都的色彩和拼勁。
來源
Arario Gallery, Beijing, China
Acquired directly from the above by the present owner

拍品專文

Having graduated from the Sir J.J. School of Art, Mumbai in 1996, Jitish Kallat has gone on to establish himself as one of the leading contemporary artists practicing in India today, forming a distinct style that spans the areas of painting, sculpture, video and photography.

As part of the new generation of artists working after India's economic liberalization in 1991, Kallat's creative body of works were initially influenced by the burst of new imagery that the came with the introduction of cable TV. Speaking on these early influences, Kallat explains, "The fact that around 1991-92 India went from having just two state-run television channels to almost ninety channels within the space of a few months time played a crucial role in defining people's tastes and thoughts. As a young artist actively looking at not just art history but also the general culture, this phenomenon definitely percolated my practice." (in conversation with the artist). Kallat has since continued to reference his interest in mass media as he pieces together old photographs, faxes and photocopies to create a visual collage from which he paints his canvases.

An outstanding example from the series Eclipse, this painting depicts a characteristically metropolitan experience on a grand scale. Representing the young children who often wait at traffic lights to sell books to commuters, the artist seems to highlight the poignant, enterprising spirit of the city. Consistent in his formulaic means of execution and his programmatic approach to the painted surface, here, Kallat draws upon a Pop-like graphic energy that pushes the figures out of the pictorial space. The heads, hair and shoulders are thrust to the front of the picture plane, occupying nearly all of its axis, and this, coupled with the use of a brightly-coloured striated background, means that the subjects literally confront, even embrace the viewer. Their amplified representation, however, allows the viewer the opportunity to examine easily and closely Kallat's painterly style and technique.

The children's features are painted in a manner which draws attention to their facsimile; as if Kallat does not want to individualize each figure into a personality, but to engender each image as a trope and thus he is better situated to express a certain, generic feeling of the city as a whole. Their hair is a painted collage: a frenzied, labyrinthine map of people and moving vehicles, as if to create a portrait of the extraordinary energy of the city of Mumbai and its vast population (of both people and cars). On top of each surface we find passages akin to splatters of paint which, upon close reflection, are meticulously executed, so that Kallat is always reminding us that we are not looking at a portrait or a likeness, but a painted surface. This questions any sense of verisimilitude we, as the viewer, may invest in to the work and its painted subject.

In this painting the artist collapses the picture plane giving the viewer no refuge from his images of urchins and street waifs and relates back to his early references of a film hoarding in epic scale, format and vibrant coloration. As such, Untitled (Eclipse)-4 (Lot 1037) becomes less a group portrait and more a rather taxonomic approach to the semantics and mechanics of his painting as well as part of a jigsaw that attempts to conjure the colour and energy of this vibrant city.

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