細節
趙無極
15-02-50
油彩 畫布
1950年作
簽名︰無極 Zao;ZAO WOU-Ki
來源:
2000年4月23日 佳士得台北 編號 23
現藏者購自上述拍賣
出版:
1998年《趙無極》Yves Bonnefy & Gérard de Cortanze著 La Difference/Enrico Navarra 巴黎 法國 (圖版,第74頁)

趙無極的詩意靜物

趙無極50年代創作了二個風格系列︰甲骨文及抽象山水的系列和靜物風景系列。甲骨文系列風格雄渾,大氣磅礡;而靜物風景,則較多詩意、幽靜的場景,摹寫靜物、拓印式線條、暈染化散的色彩效果,呈現一個詩意、寧謐的空靈境界,同樣引人入勝,代表了趙無極在融合中西美學探索上,多元化的匯合和風格。

《15-02-50》(Lot1001)屬這時期的創作之一。作品對日常生活情景、靜物、星辰靜夜有非常詩意化的描寫,也充滿了故事趣味和敘事氣氛。描寫月夜下山川林木的幽靜場景。遠景有若隱若現的山峰,遍佈山林的禿樹枝椏,都倒影在前方的河溪之上。還有月明星稀,白色星光,灑在蒼穹,大有「寥落星河欲曙天」的詩句意境。作品仿中國山水畫的簡淡、散點構圖,高遠、平遠、中遠三個設景角度並置一起,帶給觀者一種以心象視物的視覺體驗。山峰、雲煙、靜夜、河溪、荒林,物象錯落佈置,恰好組合成中國詩詞中常見的情景,讓人能徜徉、吟詠其中。月明星稀的意象,在中國文學的吟詠,常會啟引各種感性的想象,或是情人相思、虛靜冥想。

唐.張九齡《望月懷遠》

海上生明月,天涯共此時。情人怨遙夜,竟夕起相思。
滅燭憐光滿,披衣覺露滋。不堪盈手贈,還寢夢佳期。

趙無極50年代前期作品,特別多寫中國詩歌傳統常見的意象,作品詩畫結合、情境交融,畫境充滿詩意,也有中國詩歌的雍容幽雅風格。在趙無極的藝術理念,詩畫同源,互相呼應︰

趙無極特別擅長以色彩、光影變化來經營畫面的動感,從《15-02-50》畫面可見,趙無極的油彩較多稀釋,是參考同時期趙無極製作石版印刷的方式而來的。那時畫家曾提及︰「作了八幅石版畫,就似畫中國水墨畫一樣,在顏料中加了很多水……狄斯裘伯是個傑出的石版專家,對作法很不以為然……我還是試了,做出來的結果卻使他大為興奮」。油彩比較稀淡、輕薄,所以可以看到色彩穿透感高,有水墨畫的暈染、散淡之態,也就能營造霧氣氤氳、煙嵐繚繞之景色,很好的表現星辰靜夜的主題。如在畫面中心,一大片蔚藍油彩,仿是水波的瀲灩、光的靈動、水天之間的煙嵐,更增靜夜的夢幻迷離之美。墨黑色層映對著上方的青白遠景,更有一種詩意的對比,突顯月夜星辰的安謐恬靜,仿似有月光輕靈流動於風景之間,一如詩意的境界。

《15-02-50》也呈現藝術家對線條、白描等圓熟技巧。作品一如其他的靜物系列,十分注重物象的細節刻劃和細微意趣,在色彩面上使用畫筆的木柄端刮掉顏料,而形成細線,仿白描的方式勾勒山峰、林木椏枝的輪廓。婉轉延伸的線條引領觀賞者,靜物在一大片鮮豔色彩既隱又現,透明、虛白似的,仿如浮現於蒼茫虛空之中,富有超現實主義的奇幻情態,也散發出中國石刻拓印的韻味。遊轉於「色實」與「形虛」的對照之中,畫面瀰漫淡淡的空靈、哲理性的禪意,藝術巧思是震撼人心的,展現趙無極以簡約線條元素來表現情境、帶動氣氛的獨特成就。

來源
Christie's Taipei, 23 April, 2000 Lot 23
Acquired from the above sale by the present owner
出版
Yves Bonnefy & Gérard de Cortanze, Zao Wou-Ki, La Difference/Enrico Navarra, Paris, France, 1998 (illustrated, p. 74).

榮譽呈獻

Eric Chang
Eric Chang

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拍品專文

Stylistically, Zao Wou-ki's work in the 1950s fell into two separate series: his "oracle-bone" and abstract landscape series, and his still-life and scenic painting series. The "oracle-bone" series displays impressive energy and vision, while the still life painting are more tranquil, secluded, poetic scenes. Equally appealing, they depict their subjects in lines that suggest rubbings of ancient stone carvings and free washes of color with spreading halo effects, producing poetic, peaceful works whose elements are always tastefully deployed. The series exemplifies the way in which Zao Wou-ki, exploring the union of Eastern and Western styles, has always been able to successfully meld diverse elements in an original style.

15-02-50 (Lot 1001), is one of the works of this period. It poetically treats everyday scenes and objects and a peaceful nighttime vista in a way that hints at a story and narrative elements. Moonlight falls on a landscape with a river and mountain forests, and mountain peaks emerge faintly in the distance, while the river in the foreground reflects the forest's bare trees and branches. The moon and scattered stars fill the sky, their whiteness lighting up the heavens with suggestions of a line from a Bai Ju-yi poem, "Stars are scattered through the Milky Way, dawn about to break." Zao borrows the simplicity and the distributed perspective of Chinese landscape painting, with the high points, middle distance, and far distant perspective views closely juxtaposed, creating the sensation of viewing a mental image. Mountain peaks and mists, silent sky, river, bare forest; the images strewn across the canvas come together in a scene typical of a Chinese poem, one that the reader can linger over and intone to appreciate its beauty. The image of a bright moon and scattered stars has always inspired a deep response in Chinese poetry, suggesting the thoughts of separated lovers or scenes of quiet, intense reflection.

The bright moon rises above the sea,
The moment shared by all under heaven.
Lovers regret their separation in the night,
And suddenly their thoughts reach out to each other.

I put out the candle and enjoy the spreading moonlight,
But put on my robe as I feel the dewy dampness.
I cannot reach out my hands to send you the moon,
I can only sleep again and dream of when we'll be together.

Far Away Thoughts while Looking at the Moon

-- Zhang Jiuling, Tang dynasty

Many of Zao's paintings in the early '50s deal with themes often encountered in Chinese poetry. The paintings reflect the poetry in harmonious and poetically evocative scenes that share the same sense of composure and quiet, tasteful expression with the best of Chinese poetry. From Zao Wou-ki's perspective, poetry and painting arise from the same source and are reflections of each other.

Zao Wou-ki excelled at the use of color, light, and shadow in expressing the sense of movement within a canvas; in 15-02-50, he uses relatively dilute oil pigments, possibly a reflection of the lithography with which he was involved during the same period. Zao has commented on that experience: "After I did about eight lithographs, it was like painting with Chinese inks; I started adding a lot of water to the pigments. Desjobert is outstanding in this field, but he didn't approve of my method. I tried it anyway, and he was really excited by the results I got." Zao's thin, diluted pigments in 15-02-50 create interpenetrating colors that sometimes spread and thin to create halo effects as with inks, ideal for a feeling of slowly creeping mists to express the quiet night atmosphere, as in the center of the canvas, where azure pigments seem to billow like waves on water, the quick play of light, or mists floating above the water, adding to the vague, dreamy beauty of the painting. Poetic contrast results from the inky blacks set off against the bluish-white in the distance, highlighting the nighttime feeling as moonlight softly seeps into the scene below in Zao's highly poetic conception.

15-02-50 is a further example of the artist's superb skill with lines and outline sketching. Like other works from his still life series during this period, Zao here attends closely to the details of objects he portrays and gives them subtle, individual appeal, creating fine lines scraped out with the wooden handle of the brush that set out the mountain peaks, woods and branches in outline. Gently curving lines lead viewers' eyes as objects in the picture space emerge but remain half hidden, with transparency and empty space as if floating in an empty vault of sky, and adding strongly surreal and dreamlike ambience to the work along with a flavor of Chinese lithographs. The eye moves between the solid reality and empty spaces of form, color, and outline in this work, which is presented with a subtle grace and a Zen-like philosophical touch. The depth and ingenuity of Zao's artistry is stunning and displays his unique ability to use the simplest elements of line to create scenes and build atmosphere.

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